Artificial Intelligence & Systems
Technical analyses deconstructing scaled dot-product transformer attention, real-time multimodal model architectures (Project Astra), computer-use agent frameworks, and humanoid sensorimotor control — grounded in NeurIPS, ICML, and IEEE proceedings.
Published Research Dossiers (16)
Peer-Grounded Open Archive
How Do Autonomous AI Agents Work? (ReAct Prompting, Tool Execution Loops & Cognitive Architecture)
A software engineering and algorithmic analysis of autonomous AI agents: from passive autoregressive language models to ReAct (Reason + Act) loops, JSON tool-calling protocols, short/long-term memory reflection vectors, and hierarchical multi-agent swarms.
How Do Reasoning Models Work? (Test-Time Compute Scaling, Tree-of-Thought & RL Verification)
A technical analysis of modern reasoning AI architectures (OpenAI o1/o3, DeepMind AlphaProof): the shift from pre-training scaling laws to test-time search, Process Reward Models (PRMs), Monte Carlo Tree Search, and reinforcement learning for mathematical verification.
What Is Mechanistic Interpretability? (Sparse Autoencoders, Monosemanticity & Circuit Tracing)
A technical deep dive into mechanistic interpretability: reverse-engineering deep neural network weights into human-understandable circuits, overcoming polysemantic superposition with Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs), and clamping features in frontier LLMs.
How Does RLHF Work? (Reward Modeling, PPO & Direct Preference Optimization / DPO)
A mathematical and algorithmic breakdown of alignment in Large Language Models: from supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and Bradley-Terry preference modeling to Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), KL-divergence penalties, and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO).
How Does RSA Public-Key Cryptography Work? (Modular Arithmetic, Euler’s Totient & Prime Factorization)
A mathematical and computational breakdown of public-key cryptography: the asymmetric key exchange dilemma, trapdoor one-way functions, Euler’s Totient theorem, the Extended Euclidean Algorithm, and the computational hardness of integer prime factorization.
How Does the Transformer Attention Mechanism Work? (Queries, Keys & Values Explained)
A computer science deep dive into the 2017 "Attention Is All You Need" architecture: how Scaled Dot-Product Attention, Query-Key-Value ($Q, K, V$) projections, and Multi-Head Attention replaced RNNs to power all modern LLMs.
How Do Autonomous AI Agents Work? (ReAct, Planning & Test-Time Compute)
An engineering and computer science investigation into agentic AI: how modern LLMs transition from static chatbots to autonomous problem-solving agents via ReAct loops, tool calling, tree-of-thought planning, and test-time reasoning compute.
What Is Multimodal Real-Time AI and How Does Project Astra Process Live Video?
A technical breakdown of universal multimodal AI assistants: continuous frame-by-frame video ingestion, native audio-to-audio streaming codecs, sub-second latency, and spatial memory in persistent neural agents.
How Does Anthropic’s Computer Use Work and What Is Mechanistic Interpretability?
A deep dive into Anthropic’s groundbreaking OS-level GUI navigation: virtual keyboard/mouse API control, Claude’s visual screen comprehension, and mapping dictionary features inside neural networks via sparse autoencoders (SAEs).
How Is Embodied AI Transforming Humanoid Robotics? (Vision-Language-Action Models)
An engineering analysis of modern humanoid robots (Figure 02, Boston Dynamics Atlas, Tesla Optimus): how end-to-end Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models and whole-body reinforcement learning replace rigid pre-programmed kinematic trajectories.
How Did Claude Shannon Invent Information Theory and the Digital Bit?
The mathematical breakthrough of 1948: how Claude Shannon quantified information entropy, established the fundamental limits of communication channels, and created the digital foundation for the modern internet and AI.
Can Nuclear Fusion Ever Produce Net Commercial Grid Power?
A physics and engineering analysis of the Lawson criterion, tokamak magnetic confinement, laser inertial ignition, and the high-temperature superconductor revolution racing toward grid fusion.
How Did Alan Turing and Bletchley Park Break the Enigma Machine?
The cryptographic history of how Polish mathematicians and Alan Turing’s electromechanical Bombe cracked Nazi Germany’s unbreakable military cipher, shortening World War II by years.
How Did the Antikythera Mechanism Work?
An engineering and historical investigation into the world's oldest analog computer: 30+ meshing bronze gears, epicyclic lunar anomaly trains, the 223-month Saros eclipse predictor, and the 2021 UCL mechanical reconstruction.
The Nuclear AI Pivot: Why Tech Giants Are Buying Nuclear Power Plants
An energy and compute infrastructure investigation into gigawatt-scale AI data center demands, the restart of Three Mile Island for Microsoft, and the multi-billion-dollar race for Small Modular Reactors (SMRs).
How Did the First iPhone Change Computing?
An architectural and economic examination of how Apple’s 2007 smartphone dismantled the legacy PC paradigm and established ubiquitous mobile computing.